Síntesis, caracterización, propiedades y aplicaciones de nuevas poliamidas aromáticas con subestructuras benzoéter corona y benzopodandos en la cadena lateral

Resumo

We report the synthesis and characterization of 30 novel polyamides containing the benzo-12-crown-4, benzo-15-crown-5 and benzo-18-crown-6 subunit and its dipodal counterpart. The anomalous polymerization of some of the diacid monomers, that leads to insoluble gels under standard Yamazaki polymerization conditions, is described and resolved. Polymer properties are also described, including the chemical characterization, mechanical and thermal behaviour, water sorption, morphology, diffusion data, and permeability of membranes prepared with these polymers. The interaction of alkaline, alkaline earth, transition metal, heavy metal, and lanthanide cations from nitrate solutions with synthetic polyamides as cations host moieties as been described. It is a noteworthy result, which along with the reusability of the solid-phase polyamides points to potentially successful applications in the field of environmental chemistry: the decontamination and elimination of poisoning cations, the separation and modification of cation mixtures, and the development of fixed-site carrier membranes for selective transport or manufacture of cation sensitive sensors.