La profesionalización de las élites legislativas en Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú

Zusammenfassung

This research aims to analyze the factors that affect and determine the degree of professionalization of the deputies in four Andean countries: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru during the period 1997-2013. Understanding the professionalization as the process by which a political career develops, so that the activity becomes your exclusive source (or at least their main source) and resources in their area of ??specialization, the main interest guide this research is to investigate how the Andean Parliament have built their careers and how far have made politics their profession. In this way the dependent variable is the professionalization of the deputies who are disaggregated into two dimensions: the political experience that measures the deputy political career in terms of time and occupation of positions and legislative specialization refers to the technical , to the political skills and the time devoted to the area of ??interest of the legislature. Meanwhile, the independent variables are grouped into various dimensions such as individual institutional, partisan and systemic. This is because the multi-causal recognizes the professionalism and the importance of both individual experiences and of the institutional and contextual constraints. This is a deductive type research is supported existing theories under the assumptions that were stated in the cases analyzed. The units of analysis are the Andean legislators and the observation units are the deputies, countries and legislatures. Taking as the unit of analysis to Members individually is an important element because there are few studies of this kind not only in the Andean region, but in the Latin American region in general. A total of 1032 study of 11 deputies legislatures during the period between 1997 and 2013: three for all countries except Peru discussed only two due to lack of information homologous to other cases.