Assessment of a Sexual Coercion Prevention Program for Adolescents

  1. Fuertes Martín, José Antonio 1
  2. Orgaz Baz, Begoña 1
  3. Vicario Molina, Isabel 1
  4. Martínez Álvarez, José Luis 1
  5. Fernández Fuertes, Andrés A. 2
  6. Carcedo González, Rodrigo Jesús 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

  2. 2 Universidad de Cantabria
    info

    Universidad de Cantabria

    Santander, España

    ROR https://ror.org/046ffzj20

Revista:
The Spanish Journal of Psychology

ISSN: 1138-7416

Año de publicación: 2012

Volumen: 15

Número: 2

Páginas: 560-570

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5209/REV_SJOP.2012.V15.N2.38867 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: The Spanish Journal of Psychology

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Este estudio se centra en la evaluación de un programa de prevención de la coerción sexual en adolescentes. Basándonos en un diseño antes-después con grupo de tratamiento (n = 93) y un grupo control (n = 76), se llevaron a cabo siete sesiones de intervención que incluían contenidos como la conceptualización de libertad sexual, coerción sexual y consentimiento voluntario, el análisis de las diferentes estrategias de coerción sexual y sus contextos, la empatía hacia la víctima, el desarrollo de habilidades para evitar situaciones de riesgos. Se abordaron también otros factores de riesgo de los comportamientos coercitivos y la victimización sexual como el uso del alcohol, las actitudes sexistas y la comunicación inadecuada, entre otros. Los resultados de la intervención mostraron un descenso en las creencias estereotipadas hacia el otro sexo y un aumento de la empatía hacia las víctimas. Estos cambios se mantuvieron con el paso del tiempo. Asimismo, se observó un descenso más acusado en la proporción de jóvenes que habían llevado a cabo comportamientos sexualmente coercitivos en el grupo de tratamiento. Este trabajo resalta la importancia, necesidad y eficacia de estas intervenciones, y discute y analiza posibles mejoras de este programa para su futura implementación.

€ Ver financiación

Información de financiación

This research was supported by The Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (SEJ2006-14082).

Financiadores

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abbey, A. A., Ross, L. T., McDuffie, D., & McAuslan, P. (1996). Alcohol and dating risk factors for sexual assault among college women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 20, 147-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1996.tb00669.x
  • Anderson, L. A., & Whiston, S. C. (2005). Sexual assault education programs: Meta-analytic examination of their effectiveness. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29, 374-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00237.x
  • Banyard, V. L., Eckstein, R. P., & Moynihan, M. M. (2010). Sexual violence prevention: The role of stages of change. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25, 111-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260508329123
  • Banyard, V. L., Plante, E. G., & Moynihan, M. M. (2004). Bystander education: Bringing a broader community perspective to sexual violence prevention. Journal of Community Psychology, 32, 61-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.10078
  • Brecklin, L. R., & Forde, D. R. (2001). A meta-analysis of rape education programs. Violence and Victims, 16, 303-321.
  • Breinbauer, C., & Maddaleno, M. (2005). Youth: Choices and change. Promoting healthy behaviors in adolescents. Washington, DC: PAHO.
  • Brousseau, M. M., Bergelon, S., Hèbert, M., & McDuff, P. (2010). Sexual coercion victimization and perpetration in heterosexual couples: A dyadic investigation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 363-372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9617-0
  • Chang, J. C., Dado, D., Ashton, S., Hawker, L., Cluss, P. A., Buranosky, R., & Scholle, S. H. (2006). Understanding behavior change for women experiencing intimate partner violence: Mapping the ups and downs using the stage of change. Patient Education and Counseling, 62, 330-339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2006.06.009
  • Deitz, S. R., Blackwell, K., Daley, P., & Bentley, B. (1982). Measurement of empathy toward rape victims and rapists. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 372-384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.43.2.372
  • DiClemente, R. J., Santelli, J. S., & Crosby, R. A. (2009). Adolescent risk behaviors and adverse health outcomes: Future directions for research, practice, and policy. In R. J. Di Clemente, J. S. Santelli and R. A. Crosby (Eds.), Adolescent Health. Understanding and Preventing Risk Behaviors (pp. 549-559). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Foubert, J. D. (2000). The longitudinal effect of a rape-prevention program on fraternity men's attitudes, behavioral intent and behavior. Journal of American College Health, 48, 158-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448480009595691
  • Foubert, J. D., & Newberry J. T. (2006). Effects of two versions of an empathy-based rape prevention program on fraternity men's survivor empathy, attitudes, and behavioral intent to commit rape or sexual assault. Journal of College Student Development, 47, 133-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2006.0016
  • Fuertes, A., Ramos, M., de la Orden, M. V., del Campo, A., & Lázaro, S. (2005). The involvement in sexual coercive behaviors of college men: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20, 872-891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260505276834
  • Fuertes, A., Ramos, M., Martínez, J. L., López, D., & Tabernero, C. (2006). Prevalencia y factores de vulnerabilidad y protección de la victimización sexual en las relaciones con los iguales en las mujeres universitarias españolas [Prevalence and factors of vulnerability to, and protection from, sexual victimization in peer relations for Spanish, female college students]. Child Abuse and eglect, 30, 799-814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.06.002
  • Gidycz, C., Coble, C., Latham, L., & Layman, M. (1993). Sexual assault experience in adulthood and prior victimization experiences. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17, 151-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1993.tb00441.x
  • Gidycz, C. A., Rich, C. L., Orchowski, L., King, C., & Miller, A. K. (2006). The evaluation of a sexual assault self-defense and risk-reduction program for college women: A prospective study. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30, 173-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00280.x
  • Greytak, E. A. (2003). Educating for the prevention of sexual abuse: An investigation of school-based programs for high school students and their applicability to urban schools. Penn GSE Perspectives on Urban Education, 2, 1-15.
  • Howard, D. N., & Wang, M. Q. (2005) Psychosocial correlates of U.S. adolescents who report a history of forced sexual intercourse. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36, 372-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.07.007
  • Kok, G., Schaalma, H., Ruiter, R. A. C., van Empelen, P., & Brug, J. (2004). Intervention mapping: A protocol for applying health psychology theory to prevention programmes. Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 85-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105304038379
  • Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., and Wisniewski, N. (1987). The scope of rape: Incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 162-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.55.2.162
  • Krahé, B., Waizenhöfer, E., & Möller, I. (2003). Women's sexual aggression against men: Prevalence and predictors. Sex Roles, 49, 219-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024648106477
  • Levesque, D. A., Gelles, R. J., & Velicer, W. F. (2000). Development and validation of a stages of change measure for men in batterer treatment. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24, 175-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005446025201
  • Muehlenhard, C. L., & Cook, S. W. (1988). Men's self-reports of unwanted sexual activity. Journal of Sexual Research, 24, 58-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224498809551398
  • Muehlenhard, C. L., & Felts, A. S. (1998). Sexual Beliefs Scale. In C. M. Davis, W. L. Yarber, R. Bauserman, G. Schreer, & S. L. Davis (Eds.), Handbook of sexuality-related measures (pp. 116-118). London, England: Sage.
  • Muñoz-Rivas, M. J., Graña, K., O'Leary, K. D., & González, M. P. (2009). Prevalencia y predictores de la agresión sexual en las relaciones de noviazgo en adolescentes y jóvenes [Prevalence and predictors of sexual aggression in couples among adolescents and young people]. Psicothema, 21, 234-240.
  • Orchowski, L. M., Gidycz, C. A., & Raffle, H. (2008). Evaluation of a sexual assault risk reduction and self-defense program: A prospective analysis of a revised protocol. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32, 204-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00425.x
  • O'Sullivan, L. F., Byers, E. S., & Finkelman, L. (1998). A comparison of male and female college students' experiences of sexual coercion. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22, 177-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00149.x
  • Pacifici, C., Stoolmiller, M., & Nelson, C. (2001). Evaluating a prevention program for teenagers on sexual coercion: A differential effectiveness. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 69, 552-559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.69.3.552
  • Prochaska, J. O., & Diclemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390-395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.51.3.390
  • Ramos, M. (2004). Factores de protección y vulnerabilidad de la coerción sexual en adolescentes y jóvenes [Factors of protection from and vulnerability to sexual coercion among adolescents and young people]. Sexpol, 60, 16-18.
  • Ramos, M., & Fuertes, A. (2005). Vulnerabilidad frente a la victimización sexual: Factores psicosociales y contextuales asociados [Vulnerability to sexual victimization: Associated psychosocial and contextual factors]. Sexología Integral, 2, 16-21.
  • Ramos, M., Fuertes, A., & de la Orden, M. V. (2006). La victimización sexual en las relaciones con los iguales en una muestra de mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes: Prevalencia y creencias relacionadas con la victimización [Sexual victimization in peer relationships in a sample of adolescent and young women: Prevalence and beliefs related to victimization]. Revista de Psicología Social, 21, 127-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1174/021347406776591585
  • Russell, B., & Oswald, D. (2001). Strategies and dispositional correlates of sexual coercion perpetrated by women: An exploratory investigation. Sex Roles, 45, 103-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013016502745
  • Schatzel-Murphy, E. A., Harris, D. A., Knight, R. A., & Milburn, M. A. (2009). Sexual coercion in men and women: Similar behaviors, different predictors. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38, 974-986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9481-y
  • Schewe, P. A. (2002). Guidelines for developing rape prevention and risk reduction interventions. In P. A. Schewe (Ed.), Preventing intimate partner violence: developmentally appropriate interventions across the life span. Washington, DC: APA
  • Scott, K. L., & Wolfe, D. A. (2003). Readiness to change as a predictor of outcome in batterer treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 879-889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.71.5.879
  • Senn, C. Y., Desmarais, S., Verberg, N., & Wood, E. (2000). Predicting coercive sexual behavior across the lifespan in a random sample of Canadian men. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17, 95-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407500171005
  • Sipsma, E., Carrobles, J. A., Montorio, I., & Everaerd, W. (2000). Sexual aggression against women by men acquaintances: Attitudes and experiences among Spanish university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 3, 14-27.
  • Spitzberg, B. H. (1999). An analysis of empirical estimates of rape and sexual coercion. Violence and Victims, 14, 241-260.
  • Struckman-Johnson, C., Anderson, P. B., & Struckman-Jonhson, D. (2000, August). Tactics and motives of sexually aggressive men and women. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
  • Struckman-Johnson, C., & Struckman-Johnson, D. (1998). The dynamics and impact of sexual coercion of men by women. In P. B. Anderson & C. Struckman-Johnson (Eds.), Sexually aggressive women: Current perspectives and controversies (pp. 121-143). New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Struckman-Johnson, C., Strucman-Johnson, D., & Anderson, P. B. (2003). Tactics of sexual coercion: When men and women won't take no for an answer. The Journal of Sex Research, 40, 76-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224490309552168
  • Testa, M., & Dermen, K. H. (1999). The differential correlates of sexual coercion and rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14, 548-561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088626099014005006
  • Yeater, E. A., & O'Donohue, W. (1999). Sexual assault prevention programs: Current issues, future directions, and the potential efficacy of interventions with women. Clinical Psychology Review, 19, 739-771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00075-0
  • Young, A., Grey, M., & Boyd, C. J. (2009). Adolescents' experiences of sexual assault by peers: Prevalence and nature of victimization occurring within and out of school. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38, 1072-1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9363-y
  • Young, B. J., & Furman, W. (2008). Interpersonal factors in the risk for sexual victimization and its recurrence during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 37, 297-309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-007-9240-0
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet