Measuring the attitudes from Spanish and Catalan people toward Spanish and Catalan Identity with the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure

  1. Eduardo M Blasco Delgado
  2. Aurembiaix Llobera Cascalló
  3. L Jorge Ruiz Sánchez
  4. Jorge Villarroel Carrasco
Revista:
International journal of psychology and psychological therapy

ISSN: 1577-7057

Año de publicación: 2019

Volumen: 19

Número: 2

Páginas: 191-202

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: International journal of psychology and psychological therapy

Resumen

This study analyses the validity of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) as an implicit measure on in-group and out-group bias in Spanish participants from Catalonian (n= 17) and from the Rest of Spain (n= 16). The IRAP required to respond relationally in alternating trial-blocks. In the pro-Catalan block, participants had to respond as if the word Catalan, with the Catalonian flag behind it, were related with positive attributes (e.g. polite) and the word Spanish, with the Spanish flag behind it, were related with negative attributes (e.g. rude). In contrast, in the pro-Spanish block participants had to respond as if the word Spanish, with the Spanish flag behind it, were related with positive attributes (e.g. innovative) and the word Catalan, with the Catalonian flag behind it, were related with negatives attributes (e.g. opportunist). Participants also completed a demographic questionnaire and an explicit measure with stimuli analogous to the IRAP ones. The results showed more a favourable bias toward the ingroup in both groups, but this favourable bias is more pronounced in the Catalan Group. These results highlight the validity of the IRAP to measure intergroup biases.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Barnes-Holmes D, Barnes-Holmes Y, Power P, Hayden E, Milne R, & Stewart I (2006). Do You Really Know What You Believe? Developing the IRAP as a Direct Measure of Implicit Beliefs. The Irish Psychologist, 32, 169-177.
  • Barnes-Holmes D, Barnes-Holmes Y, Stewart I, & Boles S (2010). A sketch of the implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP) and the relational elaboration and coherence (REC) model. Psychological Record, 60, 527-542. Doi: 10.1007/BF03395726
  • Barnes-Holmes D, Waldron D, Barnes-Holmes Y, & Stewart I (2009). Testing the validity of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure and the Implicit Association Test: Measuring attitudes toward Dublin and country life in Ireland. Psychological Record, 59, 389-406. Doi: 10.1007/BF03395671
  • De Houwer J, Teige-Mocigemba S, Spruyt A, & Moors A (2009). Implicit Measures: A Normative Analysis and Review. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 347-368. Doi: 10.1037/a0014211
  • Drake C (2016). Exploring the Reliability and Convergent Validity of Implicit Propositional Evaluations of Race. Behavior and Social Issues, 24, 68-87. Doi: 10.5210/bsi.v24i0.5496
  • Farrell L, Cochrane A, & McHugh L (2015). Exploring attitudes towards gender and science: The advantages of an IRAP approach versus the IAT. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4, 121-128. Doi: 10.1016/j. jcbs.2015.04.002
  • Fiske ST & North MS (2015). Measures of Stereotyping and Prejudice. In GJ Boyle, DH Saklofske, & G Matthews (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 684-718). London: Academic Press.
  • Golijani-Moghaddam N, Hart A, & Dawson DL (2013). The Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure: Emerging reliability and validity data. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 2, 105-119. Doi: 10.1016/j. jcbs.2013.05.002
  • Greenwald AG, Nosek BA, & Banaji MR (2003). Understanding and Using the Implicit Association Test: I. An Improved Scoring Algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 197-216. Doi: 10.1037/00223514.85.2.197
  • Hughes S, Barnes-Holmes D, & Smyth S (2017). Implicit Cross-Community Biases Revisited: Evidence for Ingroup Favoritism in the Absence of Outgroup Derogation in Northern Ireland. Psychological Recor, 67, 97-107. Doi: 10.1007/s40732-016-0210-3
  • Hussey I & Barnes-Holmes D (2012). The implicit relational assessment procedure as a measure of implicit depression and the role of psychological flexibility. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 19, 573-582. Doi: 10.1016/j. cbpra.2012.03.002
  • Hussey I, Thompson M, McEnteggart C, Barnes-Holmes D, & Barnes-Holmes Y (2015). Interpreting and inverting with less cursing: A guide to interpreting IRAP data. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4, 157-162. Doi: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2015.05.001
  • Nisbett RE & Wilson TD (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259. Doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.84.3.231
  • Oswald FL, Mitchell G, Blanton H, Jaccard J, & Tetlock PE (2013). Predicting ethnic and racial discrimination: A meta-analysis of IAT criterion studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 171-192. Doi: 10.1037/a0032734
  • Parling T, Cernvall M, Stewart I, Barnes-Holmes D, & Ghaderi A (2012). Using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure to Compare Implicit Pro-Thin/Anti-Fat Attitudes of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and NonClinical Controls. Eating Disorders, 20, 127-143. Doi: 10.1080/10640266.2012.654056
  • Roche B, Barnes-Holmes Y, Barnes-Holmes D, Stewart I, & O’Hora D (2002). Relational frame theory: A new paradigm for the analysis of social behavior. Behavior Analyst, 25, 75-91. Doi: 10.1007/BF03392046
  • Rodríguez A, Betancor V, Rodríguez R, Quiles MN, Delgado N, & Coello E (2005). El efecto de las identidades nacionales con distintos niveles de inclusividad en el prejuicio hacia exogrupos. Psicothema, 17, 441-446.
  • Scandroglio B, Martínez JSL, & Sebastián MCS (2008). La Teoría de la Identidad Social: Una síntesis crítica de sus fundamentos, evidencias y controversias. Psicothema, 20, 80-89.
  • Stockwell FMJ, Walker DJ, & Eshleman JW (2010). Measures of Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Mainstream and BDSM Sexual Terms Using the IRAP and Questionnaire With BDSM/Fetish and Student Participants. The Psychological Record, 60, 307-324. Doi: 10.1007/BF03395709
  • Tajfel H (1981). Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology. Cambrige: Cambridge University Press.
  • Timmins L, Barnes-Holmes D, & Cullen C (2016). Measuring Implicit Sexual Response Biases to Nude Male and Female Pictures in Androphilic and Gynephilic Men. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45, 829-841. Doi: 10.1007/s10508-016-0725-3
  • Turner JC (1990). Redescubrir el grupo social: una teoría de la categorización del yo. Madrid: Ediciones Morata.
  • Vahey NA, Barnes-Holmes D, Barnes-Holmes Y, & Stewart I (2017). A First Test of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure as a Measure of Self-Esteem: Irish Prisoner Groups and University Students. The Psychological Record, 59, 371-387. Doi: 10.1007/bf03395670
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet