Ignoring facial emotion expressions does not eliminate their influence on cooperation decisions

  1. Sonia Alguacil 1
  2. Pío Tudela 1
  3. María Ruz 1
  1. 1 Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Spain
Revista:
Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental

ISSN: 1576-8597

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 36

Número: 2

Páginas: 309-335

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental

Resumen

Pese a que la influencia ejercida por el procesamiento de las emociones ha sido estudiada en diferentes dominios cognitivos, el papel de estas durante la toma decisiones en contextos sociales queda aún por explorar. Utilizamos una tarea de interferencia con el fin de estudiar en qué grado es posible evitar la influencia de las emociones de otras personas cuando nos encontramos en interacción con ellas. Los participantes jugaron, en múltiples rondas, al Juego de la Confianza con ocho compañeros que podían ser de tipo cooperativo o no cooperativo, y cuya expresión facial podía ser de felicidad o de enfado. Las emociones de los compañeros de juego no eran predictivas, en ningún caso, de su grado de cooperación. Tanto en el Experimento 1 como en el Experimento 2 los participantes fueron instruidos de manera explícita que debían ignorar las expresiones emocionales de sus compañeros. La validez de la información personal (el grado de cooperación) fue manipulada entre ambos experimentos. Los Control mechanisms of emotions 331 resultados revelaron un efecto de interferencia emocional; las expresiones de felicidad redujeron el tiempo necesario para tomar la decisión de cooperación, mientras que las expresiones de enfado acortaron las decisiones de no cooperación. Este efecto de interferencia fue replicado en el Experimento 3, en el que la instrucción explícita de ignorar las emociones de los compañeros había sido eliminada. Nuestros resultados muestran que las emociones de otros nos influyen de manera inevitable durante nuestra interacción con ellos. Esta evidencia es coherente con las teorías que defienden la existencia de un estrecho vínculo entre emociones y contexto social.

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