The internal mechanisms of entrepreneurs’ social capitalA multi-network analysis

  1. Carlos Hernández-Carrión 1
  2. Carmen Camarero-Izquierdo 1
  3. Jesús Gutiérrez-Cillán 1
  1. 1 University of Valladolid, Spain
Revista:
Business Research Quarterly

ISSN: 2340-9444,  2340-9436

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 23

Número: 1

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1177/2340944420901047 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Business Research Quarterly

Resumen

El presente trabajo aborda cómo y en qué medida las redes de relaciones personales y profesionales de los pequeños empresarios locales ayudan a mejorar su escasez de recursos. Adoptando una visión mecanicista y orientada al funcionamiento del capital social, el documento sugiere la existencia de dos mecanismos diferentes que pueden explicar los procesos de enriquecimiento y explotación empresarial de los recursos del capital social: (1) el mecanismo de recursos, basado en el tamaño y la diversidad de una red, proporcionando cantidad y variedad de recursos del capital social, y (2) el mecanismo de intercambio, basado en la cohesión y calidad relacional de una red, favoreciendo la intercambiabilidad de estos recursos entre los miembros de la red. El estudio empírico explora individualmente las redes personales y profesionales de 958 emprendedores españoles.

€ Ver financiación

Información de financiación

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study by the Regional Government of Castilla y León (Junta de Castilla y León) (Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [project reference VA085G18 and VA112P17] and by the Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (Spain) [project reference ECO2017-86628-P].

Financiadores

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Acquaah, M., 2007. Managerial social capital, strategic orientation, and organizational performance in an emerging economy. Strateg. Manag. J. 28 (12), 1235–1255.
  • Adler, P.S., Kwon, S.W., 2002. Social capital: prospects for a new concept. Acad. Manag. Rev. 27 (1), 17–40.
  • Andersson, U., Blankenburg-Holm, H., Johanson, M., 2007. Moving or doing? Knowledge flow, problem-solving and change in industrial networks. J. Bus. Res. 60 (1), 32–40.
  • Auh, S., Menguc, B., 2005. Top management team diversity and innovativeness: the moderating role of interfunctional coordination. Ind. Mark. Manag. 34 (3), 249–261.
  • Australian Institute of Family Studies, 2001. Families, Social Capital & Citizenship Survey, 2001, Available at: http:// www.ada.edu.au/social-science/01076 (accessed 26.01.15).
  • Barney, J.B., 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. J. Manag. 17 (1), 99–120.
  • Batjargal, B., 2003. Social capital and entrepreneurial performance in Russia: a longitudinal study. Organ. Stud. 24 (4), 534–556.
  • Batjargal, B., 2006. The dynamics of entrepreneurs’ networks in a transitioning economy: the case of Russia. Entrep. Reg. Dev. 18 (4), 305–320.
  • Batjargal, B., 2007. Internet entrepreneurship: social capital human capital and performance of Internet ventures in China. Res. Policy 36 (5), 605–618.
  • Batjargal, B., Liu, M., 2004. Entrepreneur’s access to private equity in China: the role of social capital. Organ. Sci. 15 (2), 159–172.
  • Batt, P.J., 2008. Building social capital in networks. Ind. Mark. Manag. 37 (5), 487–491.
  • Batt, P.J., Purchase, S., 2004. Managing collaboration within networks and relationships. Ind. Mark. Manag. 33 (3), 169–174.
  • Björkman, I., Kock, S., 1995. Social relationships and business networks: the case of Western companies in China. Int. Bus. Rev. 4 (4), 519–535.
  • Bosma, N., An Praag, M., Thurik, R., De Wit, G., 2004. The value of human and social capital investments for the business performance of startups. Small Bus. Econ. 23 (3), 227–236.
  • Brass, D.J., 1984. Being in the right place: a structural analysis of individual influence in an organization. Adm. Sci. Q. 29 (4), 331–348.
  • Burt, R.S., 2000. The network structure of social capital. Res. Organ. Behav. 22, 345–423.
  • Burt, R.S., 2004. Structural holes and good ideas. Am. J. Sociol. 110 (2), 349–399.
  • Butler, B., Purchase, S., 2008. Use of social capital among Russian managers of a new generation. Ind. Mark. Manag. 37 (5), 531–538.
  • Camarero, C., Hernández, C., San Martín, S., 2008. Developing relationships within the framework of local economic development in Spain. Entrep. Reg. Dev. 20 (1), 41–65.
  • Capaldo, A., 2007. Network structure and innovation: the leveraging of a dual network as a distinctive relational capability. Strateg. Manag. J. 28 (6), 585–608.
  • Casson, M., Della Giusta, M., 2007. Entrepreneurship and social capital: analysing the impact of social networks on entrepreneurial activity from a rational action perspective. Int. Small Bus. J. 25 (3), 220–244.
  • Chen, Y.F., Chao, M.C.H., 2006. Social capital and intangible resources of entrepreneurial firms in China. Chin. Public Aff. Q. 2 (4), 344–357.
  • Chetty, S., Agndal, H., 2007. Social capital and its influence on changes in internationalization mode among small and medium-sized enterprises. J. Int. Mark. 15 (1), 1–29.
  • Chetty, S., Wilson, H.M., 2003. Collaborating with competitors to acquire resources. Int. Bus. Rev. 12 (1), 61–81.
  • Coleman, J., 1988. Social capital in the creation of human capital. Am. J. Sociol. 94 (S1), S95–S120.
  • Cousins, P.D., Handfield, R.B., Lawson, B., Petersen, K.J., 2006. Creating supply chain relational capital: the impact of formal and informal socialization processes. J. Oper. Manag. 24 (6), 851–863.
  • Coviello, N.E., Cox, M.P., 2006. The resource dynamics of international new venture networks. J. Int. Entrep. 4 (2–3), 113–132.
  • Coviello, N.E., Munro, H.J., 1995. Growing the entrepreneurial firms: networking for international market development. Eur. J. Mark. 29 (7), 49–61.
  • Cuevas-Rodríguez, G., Cabello-Medina, C., Carmona-Lavado, A., 2014. Internal and external social capital for radical product innovation: do they always work well together? Br. J. Manag. 25 (2), 266–284.
  • Cumming, G., Finch, S., 2005. Inference by eye: confidence intervals, and how to read pictures of data. Am. Psychol. 60 (2), 170–180.
  • Davidsson, P., Honig, B., 2003. The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. J. Bus. Ventur. 18 (3), 301–331.
  • Dieleman, M., Sachs, W., 2008. Economies of connectedness: concept and application. J. Int. Manag. 14 (3), 270–285.
  • Flap, H., 2002. No man is an island: the research program of social capital theory. In: Favereau, O., Lazega, E. (Eds.), Conventions and Structures in Economic Organization. Markets, Networks and Hierarchies. Edward Elgar, London, UK, pp. 29–59.
  • Fornell, C., Larcker, D.F., 1981. Evaluating structural equations models with unobservable variables and measurement error. J. Mark. Res. 18 (1), 39–50.
  • Galán, J.L., Castro, I., 2004. Las relaciones interorganizativas como fuente de capital social. Univ. Bus. Rev. 2 (2), 104–117.
  • Gedajlovic, E., Carney, M., 2010. Market, hierarchies and families: toward a transaction cost theory of the family firm. Entrep. Theory Pract. 34 (6), 1145–1172.
  • Gedajlovic, E., Honing, B., Moore, C.B., Payne, G.T., Wright, M., 2013. Social capital and entrepreneurship: a schema and research agenda. Entrep. Theory Pract. 37 (3), 455–478.
  • Granovetter, M.S., 1973. The strength of weak ties. Am. J. Sociol. 78 (6), 1360–1380.
  • Granovetter, M.S., 1985. Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness. Am. J. Sociol. 91 (3), 481–510.
  • Granovetter, M.S., 2005. The impact of social structure on economic outcomes. J. Econ. Perspect. 19 (1), 33–50.
  • Grant, R.M., 1991. The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation. Calif. Manag. Rev. 33 (3), 114–135.
  • Greene, P.G., Brush, C.G., Brown, T.E., 1997. Resources in small firms: an exploratory study. J. Small Bus. Strategy 8 (2), 25–40.
  • Greve, A., 1995. Networks and entrepreneurship – an analysis of social relations, occupational background, and the use of contacts during the establishment process. Scand. J. Manag. 11 (1), 1–24.
  • Gulati, R., Lavie, D., Madhavan, R., 2011. How do networks matter? The performance effects of interorganizational networks. Res. Organ. Behav. 31, 207–224.
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., Sinkovics, R.R., 2009. The use of partial least squares path modelling in international marketing. Adv. Int. Mark. 20, 277–319.
  • Hernández-Carrión, C., Camarero-Izquierdo, C., GutiérrezCillán, J., 2017. Entrepreneurs’ social capital and the economic performance of small businesses: the moderating role of competitive intensity and entrepreneurs’ experience. Strateg. Entrep. J. 11 (1), 61–89.
  • Hirschman, A.O., 1984. Against parsimony: three easy ways of complicating some categories of economic discourse. Am. Econ. Rev. 74 (2), 89–96.
  • Hoang, H., Antoncic, B., 2003. Network-based research in entrepreneurship: a critical review. J. Bus. Ventur. 18 (2), 165–187.
  • Huggins, R., 2010. Forms of network resource: knowledge access and the role of inter-firm networks. Int. J. Manag. Rev. 12 (3), 335–352.
  • Jack, S.L., Anderson, A.R., 2002. The effects of embeddedness on the entrepreneurial process. J. Bus. Ventur. 17 (5), 467–587.
  • Kalantaridis, C., Bika, Z., 2006. In-migrant entrepreneurship in rural England: beyond local embeddedness. Entrep. Reg. Dev. 18 (2), 109–131.
  • Kale, P., Singh, H., Perlmutter, H., 2000. Learning and protection of proprietary assets in strategic alliances: building relational capital. Strateg. Manag. J. 21 (3), 217–237.
  • Kliksberg, B., 1999. Capital social y cultura, claves esenciales del desarrollo. Rev. CEPAL 69, 85–102.
  • Koka, B., Prescott, J., 2002. Strategic alliances as social capital: a multidimensional view. Strateg. Manag. J. 23 (9), 795–816.
  • Landman, J.P., 2004. Social capital: a building block in creating a better global future. Foresight 6 (1), 38–46.
  • Lee, G.K., 2007. The significance of network resources in the race to enter emerging product markets: the convergence of telephony communications and computer networking, 1989–2001. Strateg. Manag. J. 28 (1), 17–37.
  • Leitch, C.M., McMullan, C., Harrison, R.T., 2013. The development of entrepreneurial leadership: the role of human, social and institutional capital. Br. J. Manag. 3 (24), 347–366.
  • Liao, J., Welsch, H., 2003. Social capital and entrepreneurial growth aspiration: a comparison of technology- and nontechnology-based nascent entrepreneurs. J. High Technol. Manag. Res. 14 (1), 149–170.
  • Light, I., Dana, L.P., 2013. Boundaries of social capital in entrepreneurship. Entrep. Theory Pract. 37 (3), 603–624.
  • Lin, N., 1999. Building a network theory of social capital. Connections 22 (1), 28–51.
  • Morgan, R.M., Hunt, S.D., 1994. The commitment–trust theory of relationship marketing. J. Mark. 58 (3), 20–38.
  • Nahapiet, J., Ghoshal, S., 1998. Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Acad. Manag. Rev. 23 (2), 242–266.
  • Narayan, D., Cassidy, M.F., 2001. A dimensional approach to measuring social capital: development and validation of a social capital inventory. Curr. Sociol. 49 (2), 59–102.
  • Newell, S., Tansley, C., Huang, J., 2004. Social capital and knowledge integration in an ERP project team: the importance of bridging and bonding. Br. J. Manag. 15 (S1), S43–S57.
  • Ojasalo, J., 2004. Key network management. Ind. Mark. Manag. 33 (3), 195–205.
  • Onyx, J., Bullen, P., 2000. Measuring social capital in five communities. J. Appl. Behav. Sci. 36 (1), 23–42.
  • Parasuraman, A., Grewal, D., Krishnan, K., 2004. Marketing Research. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA.
  • Partanen, J., Möller, K., Westerlund, M., Rajala, R., Rajala, A., 2008. Social capital in the growth of science-and-technologybased SMEs. Ind. Mark. Manag. 37 (5), 513–522.
  • Payne, G.T., Moore, C.B., Griffis, S.E., Autry, C.W., 2011. Multi-level challenges and opportunities in social capital research. J. Manag. 37 (2), 491–520.
  • Peng, M.W., Lee, S.H., Wang, D.Y.L., 2005. What determines the scope of the firm over time? A focus on international relatedness. Acad. Manag. Rev. 30 (3), 622–633.
  • Pirolo, L., Presutti, M., 2010. The impact of social capital on the start-ups’ performance growth. J. Small Bus. Manag. 48 (2), 197–227.
  • Prashahtham, S., 2011. Social capital and Indian micromultinationals. Br. J. Manag. 22 (1), 4–20.
  • Putnam, R.D., Leonardi, R., Nanetti, R.Y., 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
  • Putnam, R.D., 2000. Bowling alone: America’s declining social capital. In: Crothers, L., Lockhart, C. (Eds.), Culture and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NJ, pp. 223–234.
  • Rejeb-Khachlouf, N., Mezghani, L., Quélin, B., 2011. Personal networks and knowledge transfer in inter-organizational networks. J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev. 18 (2), 278–297.
  • Ringle, C.M., Wende, S., Will, A., 2005. SmartPLS 2.0 (M3 beta). University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Available at:http://www.smartpls.de.
  • Rooks, G., Klyver, K., Sserwanga, A., 2016. The context of social capital: a comparison of rural and urban entrepreneurs in Uganda. Entrep. Theory Pract. 40 (1), 111–130.
  • Sabatini, F., 2009. Social capital as social networks: a new framework for measurement and an empirical analysis of its determinants and consequences. J. Socio-Econ. 38 (3), 429–442.
  • Sasi, V., Arenius, P., 2008. International new ventures and social networks: advantage or liability? Eur. Manag. J. 26 (6), 400–411.
  • Saxenian, A., 1994. Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
  • Stam, W., Arzlanian, S., Elfring, T., 2014. Social Capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: a meta-analysis of temporal and contextual contingencies. J. Bus. Ventur. 29 (1), 152–173.
  • Steenkamp, J.B.E.M., Baumgartner, H., 1998. Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. J. Consum. Res. 25 (1), 78–90.
  • Stone, W., Hughes, J., June 2002. Social capital. Empirical meaning and measurement validity. Research paper no. 27. Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, Available at: http://www.aifs.gov.au/institute/pubs/RP27. pdf (accessed: 26.01.15).
  • Theingi, N.V., Purchase, S., Phungphol, Y., 2008. Social capital in Southeast Asian business relationships. Ind. Mark. Manag. 37 (5), 523–530.
  • Tsai, W., Ghoshal, S., 1998. Social capital and value creation: the role of intrafirm networks. Acad. Manag. J. 41 (4), 464–476.
  • Van Der Gaag, M., Snijders, T.A.B., 2005. The Resource Generator: social capital quantification with concrete items. Soc. Netw. 27 (1), 1–29.
  • Vlaisavljevic, V., Cabello-Medina, C., Pérez-Luńo, A., 2015. Coping with diversity in alliances for innovation: the role of relational social capital and knowledge codifiability. Br. J. Manag. 27 (2), 304–322.
  • Walker, G., Kogut, B., Shan, W., 1997. Social capital, structural holes, and the formation of an industry network. Organ. Sci. 8 (2), 109–125.
  • Westerlund, M., Svahn, S., 2008. A relationship value perspective of social capital in networks of software SMEs. Ind. Mark. Manag. 37 (5), 492–501.
  • Woolcock, M., 1998. Social capital and economic development: toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework. Theory Soc. 27 (2), 151–208.
  • Woolcock, M., 2001. The place of social capital in understanding social and economic outcomes. Can. J. Policy Res. 2 (1), 11–17.
  • Xin, K.R., Pearce, J.L., 1996. Guanxi: connections as substitutes for formal institutional support. Acad. Manag. J. 39 (6), 16–41.
  • Yiu, D., Bruton, G.D., Lu, Y., 2005. Understanding business group performance in an emerging economy: acquiring resources and capabilities in order to prosper. J. Manag. Stud. 42 (1), 183–206.
  • Zhao, H., Seibert, S.E., Lumpkin, G.T., 2010. The relationship of personality to entrepreneurial intentions and performance: a meta-analytic review. J. Manag. 36 (2), 381–404.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet