Financiación del terrorismo internacional y su incidencia en la seguridad y la defensa

Resumen

My extensive professional career in the Armed Forces has been useful to give an empirical-sociological approach on my PhD in International Law, given that I am not trained as a jurist but I did as an economist and military officer. This methodological approach is appropriate to provide an original vision to the analysis of the issues under study. Secondly, the subject of my thesis is highly topical, being one of the most problematic and difficult issues facing contemporary international law. It is particularly important for Spain, as it is one of the main threats posed by jihadist terrorism. The thesis precisely formulates the specific objectives of the research: on the one hand, analysis of the sources of financing of jihadist terrorism and the legal means to identify the financing channels and put an end to them; on the other hand, the military and police means of and the legal means to identify the financing channels and put an end to them. Prior to this, the thesis analyzes the profile of the terrorist group on which it is primarily focused and shows the important role that information technologies play in the fight against terrorism. The important role that information technologies and economic globalization have played in the origin and growth of these groups' capacity for action. Global terrorism remains a serious threat for most European most European countries, including Spain, and preventing its financing continues to be a challenge. The research carried out analyzes, in essence, the origin of the sources of financing of current international jihadist terrorism, the legal mechanisms to counteract, its effects and the police and military means to attack its protagonists and prevent its empire from extending beyond its local borders, their empire from extending beyond their local borders. Finally, the objectives of this doctoral thesis are aimed at gaining in-depth knowledge of the sources of financing of international terrorism, especially jihadist terrorism, as well as all the legal initiatives aimed at counteracting its effects, and the police and military measures deployed to combat its protagonists. The interest lies in trying to show that the ability to prevent terrorism by combating money laundering and the financing of terrorism, both from the perspective of individual States and in the framework of joint actions within the main international organizations (UN, NATO, EU, etc.) is a key aspect of the global fight against terrorism. It should also be borne in mind that money laundering and the financing of terrorism undermine the political and economic interests of States and pose a serious threat to national security. To sum up, my practical experience in the professional field as a member of the Armed Forces has been key to understanding many of the aspects analyzed. This work achieves a deeper understanding of terrorist financing measures and their impact on security and defense. It contributes to the knowledge of a branch of international law, despite the fact that the training of the doctoral student is not legal, and it addresses a branch of international law.