Trabajemos juntosCoworking online y sincrónico en Twitch como muestra del potencial colaborativo del live-streaming

  1. Buitrago, Álex 1
  2. Martín García, Alberto 1
  3. Torres Ortiz, Lidia 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Valladolid
    info

    Universidad de Valladolid

    Valladolid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01fvbaw18

Journal:
Revista de comunicación

ISSN: 1684-0933,  2227-1465

Year of publication: 2022

Volume: 21

Issue: 1

Pages: 49-65

Type: Article

DOI: 10.26441/RC21.1-2022-A3 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Revista de comunicación

Abstract

The migration of creators from other platforms and the emergence of new lines of content are contributing to the thematic diversification of Twitch.tv beyond its leadership in gaming. This article explores the potential for collaboration, education, and creation of live-streaming platforms by analyzing the online coworking experience of the JaimeAltozano ‘working room’ on Twitch, launched after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. An initiative that gathered 222,172 hours worked by the community in three months. Using a mixed methods research design, the experience was studied on the basis of quantitative data, 67 in-depth interviews with users and ethnographic techniques for content analysis. The results obtained in the three phases of the research process show that experiences like the JaimeAltozano ‘working room’ are useful virtual spaces for productivity. Based on these results, a map of the phenomenon was drawn using six key concepts: gamification, synchronicity, community, participation, free operability, and common atmosphere. In the face of the growing platformization of cultural goods, our research delves into the media reality of Twitch beyond videogaming to explore the possibilities of live-streaming for the digital community’s media empowerment.

Bibliographic References

  • Ask, K., Spilker, H. S., & Hansen, M. (2019). The politics of user-platform relationships: Co-scripting live-streaming on Twitch.tv. First Monday, 24(7). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v24i7.9648
  • Bishop, S. (2019). Managing visibility on YouTube through algorithmic gossip. New media & Society, 21(11-12), 2589-2606. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819854731
  • Burgess, J., & Green, J. (2009). YouTube: online video and participatory culture. Polity Press.
  • Burroughs, B., & Rama, P. (2015). The eSports trojan horse: Twitch and streaming futures. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 8(2), 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4101/jvwr.v8i2.7176
  • Churchill, B. C., & Xu, W. (2016). The modem nation: A first study on Twitch.tv social structure and player/game relationships. 2016 IEEE international conferences on BDCloud, SocialCom., SustainCom., Atlanta.
  • Cunningham, S., & Craig, D. R. (2017). Being “really real” on YouTube: Authenticity, community and Brand culture in social media entertainment. Media International Australia, 164(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X17709098
  • Cunningham, S., & Craig, D. R. (2019). Social media entertainment: The new intersection of Hollywood and Silicon Valley. New York University Press.
  • Duffy, B. E., Poell, T., & Nieborg, D. B. (2019). Platform practices in the cultural industries: Creativity, labor, and citizenship. Social Media + Society, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119879672
  • Gandolfi, E. (2016). To watch or to play, it is in the game: The game culture on twitch.tv among performers, plays and audiences. Journal of Gaming and Virtual Worlds, 8(1), 63-82. https://doi.org/10.1386/jgvw.8.1.63_1
  • Gillespie, T. (2010). The politics of “platforms”. New Media & Society, 12(3), 347-364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444809342738
  • Gran, A., Booth, P., & Bucher, T. (2020). To be or not to be algorithm aware: a question of a new digital divide? Information, Communication & Society. Advance online publication: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2020.1736124
  • Hamilton, W. A., Garretson, O., & Kerne, A. (2014). Streaming on Twitch: fostering participatory communities of play within live mixed media. CHI ’14. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1315-1324), ACM, New York, NY.
  • Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York University Press.
  • Johnson, M. R. (2019). Inclusion and exclusion in the digital economy: disability and mental health as a live streamer on Twitch.tv. Information, Communication & Society, 22(4), 506-520. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1476575
  • Johnson, M. R., & Woodcock, J. (2017). “It’s like the gold rush”: The lives and careers of professional video game streamers on Twitch.tv. Information, Communication & Society, 22(3), 336-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1386229
  • Johnson, M. R., & Woodcock, J. (2019). “And today’s top donator is”: How live streamers on Twitch.tv monetize and gamify their broadcasts. Social Media + Society, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119881694
  • Ma, X., Zhang, C., Liu, J., Shea, R., & Fu, D. (2017). Live broadcast with community interactions: Bottlenecks and optimizations. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 19(6), 1184-1194.
  • Murthy, D. (2008). Digital Ethnography: An Examination of the Use of New Technologies for Social Research. Sociology, 42(5), 837-855. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038508094565
  • Nieborg, D. B., Duffy, B. E., & Poell, T. (2020). Studying Platforms and Cultural Production: Methods, Institutions, and Practices. Social Media + Society, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120943273
  • Nieborg, D. B., & Poell, T. (2018). The platformization of cultural production: Theorizing the contingent cultural commodity. New Media & Society, 20(11), 4275-4292. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818769694
  • Partin, W. C. (2020). Bit by (Twitch) Bit: “Platform Capture” and the Evolution of Digital Platforms. Social Media + Society, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120933981
  • Payne, K., Keith, M. J., Schuetzler, R. M., & Giboney, J. S. (2017). Examining the learning effects of live streaming video game instruction over Twitch. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.029
  • Pink, S., Horst, H., Postill, J., Hjorth, L., Lewis, T., & Tacchi, J. (2016). Digital ethnography. Sage.
  • Pires, K., & Simon, G. (2015). YouTube live and Twitch: A tour of user-generated live streaming systems. In Proceedings of the 6th ACM multimedia systems conference (pp. 225-230). New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery.
  • Recktenwald, D. (2017). Toward a transcription and analysis of live streaming on Twitch. Journal of Pragmatics, 115, 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.01.013
  • Reviglio, U., & Agosti, C. (2020). Thinking outside the black-box. The case for “algorithmic sovereignty” in social media. Social Media + Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120915613
  • Robertson, T. (26 de septiembre de 2018). Introducing Tags and New Categories: New Ways to Discover Streamers on Twitch. Blog.twitch.tv. https://blog.twitch.tv/en/2018/09/26/introducing-tags-and-new-categories-new-ways-to-discover-streamers-on-twitch-33744ef7b04f/
  • Romero-Moreno, F. (2019). Notice and staydown and social media: amending Article 13 of the Proposed Directive on Copyright. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 33(2),187-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2018.1475906
  • Romero-Moreno, F. (2020). Upload filters and human rights: implementing Article 17 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 34(2), 153-182. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2020.1733760
  • Ruberg, B. (2020). “Obscene, pornographic, or otherwise objectionable”: Biased definitions of sexual content in video game live streaming. New Media & Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820920759
  • Ruberg, B., Cullen, A. L., & Brewster, K. (2019). Nothing but a “titty streamer”: legitimacy, labor, and the debate over women’s breasts in video game live streaming. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 36(5), 466-481. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2019.1658886
  • Seering, J., Kraut, R., & Dabbish, L. (2017). Shaping pro and anti-social behavior on Twitch through moderation and example-setting. CSCW 2017. Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work And Social Computing (pp. 111-125), ACM, New York, NY.
  • Sjöblom, M., & Hamari, J. (2017). Why do people watch others play video games? An empirical study on the motivations of Twitch users. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 985-996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.019
  • Sjöblom, M., Törhönen, M., Hamari, J., & Macey, J. (2017). Content structure is king: An empirical study on gratifications, game genres and content type on Twitch. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 161-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.036
  • Spilker, H. S., Ask, K., & Hansen, M. (2020). The new practices and infrastructures of participation: how the popularity of Twitch.tv challenges old and new ideas about television viewing. Information, Communication & Society, 23(4), 605-620. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1529193
  • Spilker, H. S., & Colbjørnsen, T. (2020). The dimensions of streaming: toward a typology of an evolving concept. Media, Culture & Society, 42(7–8), 1210–1225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443720904587
  • Srnicek, N. (2017). Platform capitalism. Polity Press.
  • Taylor, T. L. (2018). Watch me play: Twitch and the rise of game live streaming. Princeton University Press.
  • Twitch Tracker (2020). Twitch Statistics & Charts. Available from: https://twitchtracker.com/statistics
  • Van Dijck, J. (2013). The culture of connectivity: A critical history of social media. Oxford University Press.
  • Woodcock, J., & Johnson, M. R. (2019a). The affective labor and performance of live streaming on Twitch.tv. Television & New Media, 20, 813-823. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476419851077
  • Woodcock, J., & Johnson, M. R. (2019b). Live streamers on Twitch.tv as social media influencers: Chances and challenges for strategic communication. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 13(4), 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2019.1630412
  • Zhao, Q., Chen, C. D., Cheng, H. W., & Wang, J. L. (2018). Determinants of live streamers’ continuance broadcasting intentions on twitch: A self-determination theory perspective. Telematics and Informatics, 35(2), 406-420. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TELE.2017.12.018
Data source: Dialnet