Revision of TD1 and TD2 stratigraphic sequence of Gran Dolina cavesierra de Atapuerca, Spain

  1. I. Campaña
  2. A. Benito Calvo
  3. A. Pérez González
  4. A. Álvaro Gallo
  5. L. Miguens Rodríguez
  6. J. Iglesias Cibanal
  7. J. M. Bermúdez de Castro
  8. E. Carbonell
Journal:
Journal of iberian geology: an international publication of earth sciences

ISSN: 1886-7995 1698-6180

Year of publication: 2022

Volume: 48

Issue: 4

Pages: 425-443

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1007/S41513-022-00200-8 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Journal of iberian geology: an international publication of earth sciences

Abstract

Gran Dolina is a cavity inflled by at least 25 m of Pleistocene sediments divided into 12 lithostratigraphic units and 19 sedimentary facies. These sedimentary facies have been divided into allochthonous facies, defned as sediment inputs from the outside, and autochthonous facies, defned as sediments generated within the karst; but this division has been challenged in recent works. In this study, TD1 and TD2 units of Gran Dolina have been detailed studied and the use of autochthonous facies has been assessed. For that purpose, we have studied the stratigraphic excavation profle, combining feld observation with laboratory sedimentary analysis (sieving, laser difraction, and XRD) to characterize the texture and structure of the sediments. Based on these studies, a total of 8 sedimentary facies have been identifed. Consequently, TD1 unit has been separated into two sub-units and 13 layers, while the TD2 unit has been divided into three sub-units. The facies associations indicate a succession of phreatic and vadose phases that would defne together epiphreatic conditions inside the cave, related to the transition between Arlanzón valley terraces T3 and T4. Interior facies (and entrance facies for allochthonous facies) is proposed to defne Gran Dolina's sediments since the facies analyses indicate transport by underground fows.

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