Efecto agudo del espacio de interacción individual sobre la demanda física y fisiológica en futbolistas jóvenes

  1. Sánchez Sánchez, Javier 1
  2. Sanchez, Mario 2
  3. Rodríguez-Fernández, Alejandro 3
  1. 1 Universidad Pontifica de Salamanca
  2. 2 Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02jj93564

  3. 3 Universidad de León
    info

    Universidad de León

    León, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02tzt0b78

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Revista:
RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-3137

Año de publicación: 2023

Título del ejemplar: Enero

Volumen: 19

Número: 71

Páginas: 1-15

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

Resumen

El objetivo fue analizar el efecto de la edad sobre las demandas físicas y fisiológicas de juegos reducidos con diferente espacio de interacción individual. Treinta jugadores de edad sub-12 (U12: n=10; edad, 11.2 +/- 0.8 años; altura, 145.4 +/- 6.4 cm; masa corporal, 37.5 +/- 3.9 kg), sub-14 (U14: n=10; edad, 13.5 +/- 0.6 años; altura, 163.7 +/- 5.9 cm; masa corporal, 51.5 +/- 6.2 kg) y sub-16 (U16: n=10; edad, 15.8 +/- 0.4 años; altura, 172.8 +/- 7.3 cm; masa corporal, 61.2 +/- 9.3 kg) participaron en el estudio. Se analizaron juegos reducidos (JR) de 5 vs 5, realizados con espacio de interacción individual (EII) pequeño = 50 m2 (JRp), medio = 100m2 (JRm) y grande = 150 m2 (JRg). La demanda física se obtuvo con GPS registrando la distancia recorrida, la carga neuromuscular y el desplazamiento en rangos de velocidad. La carga fisiológica se obtuvo con 3 zonas de intensidad a partir de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima (FCmax): Z1 < 80% FCmax, Z2 = 80-90% FCmax y Z3 > 90% FCmax. Los U12 recorrieron significativamente menos distancia que U14 (p < 0.05) y U16 (p < 0.05) en todos los formatos. En JRm el desplazamiento a alta velocidad fue significativamente mayor en U16 que en U14 (p = 0.000) y U12 (p = 0.000). En U12 a medida que el EII era mayor se incrementaban de forma significativa Z3 (JRp vs JRm: p = 0.001; JRp vs JRg: p = 0.001; JRm vs JRg: p = 0.000). El EII provoca un estímulo diferente en los futbolistas según la edad.

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