Digital transparency and political communication

  1. Campos-Domínguez, Eva 1
  2. Díez-Garrido, María 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Valladolid
    info

    Universidad de Valladolid

    Valladolid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01fvbaw18

Revista:
El profesional de la información

ISSN: 1386-6710 1699-2407

Any de publicació: 2023

Títol de l'exemplar: Transparency

Volum: 32

Número: 1

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.3145/EPI.2023.ENE.04 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccés obert editor

Altres publicacions en: El profesional de la información

Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible

Resum

The academic debate on transparency has experienced a boom in recent decades. A review of the scientific literature allows us to identify two key moments in the discussion on digital transparency: the declaration of Barack Obama’s Memorandum on transparency and open government in 2009 and the Cambridge Analytica scandal in 2018. The first was linked to a groundswell of enthusiasm for the concept of government transparency, with the promise that it would boost accountability, eliminate corruption, and promote political efficiency in a crisis of institutional legitimacy. The second altered the digital transparency agenda and catalysed a discussion about the need for technology and social media companies (Facebook, Twitter, or Google) to make transparency commitments because of their role in generating a public conversation and the democratic implications. This paper reviews the idea of digital transparency in the scientific literature framed in the field of political communication and tries to reflect the need for more research on its political, social, and cultural implications.

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • Albu, Oana-Brindusa; Flyverbom, Mikkel (2019). “Organizational transparency: Conceptualizations, conditions, and consequences”. Business & society, v. 58, n. 2, pp. 268-297. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650316659851
  • Appelgren, Ester; Salaverría, Ramón (2018). “The promise of the transparency culture”. Journalism practice, v. 12, n. 8, pp. 986-996. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2018.1511823
  • Ascher-Barnstone, Deborah (2005). The transparent state. Architecture and politics in postwar Germany. Routledge: London; New York. ISBN: 978 0 415700191
  • Brolcháin, Niall Ó.; Porwol, Lukasz; Ojo, Adegboyega; Wagner, Tilman; López, Eva-Tamara; Karstens, Eric (2017). “Extending open data platforms with storytelling features”. In: Proceedings of the 18th Annual international conference on digital government research, pp. 48-53. https://doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085283
  • Brown, Allison J. (2020). “’Should I stay or should I leave?’: Exploring (dis) continued Facebook use after the Cambridge Analytica scandal”. Social media + society, v. 6, n. 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120913884
  • Catlaw, Thomas J.; Sandberg, Billie (2014). “’Dangerous government’: Info-Liberalism, active citizenship, and the open government directive”. Administration & society, v. 46, n. 3, pp. 223-254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399712461912
  • Chadwick, Andrew (2019). The new crisis of public communication. Challenges and opportunities for future research on digital media and politics. Loughborough (UK): Online Civil Culture Center / Loughborough University. https://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/online-civic-culture-centre/news-events/articles/o3c-2-crisis
  • Christensen, Lars-Thøger; Cheney, George (2015). “Peering into transparency: Challenging ideals, proxies, and organizational practices”. Communication theory, v. 25, n. 1, pp. 70–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/comt.12052
  • Criado, J. Ignacio; Rojas-Martín, Francisco (eds.) (2013). Las redes sociales digitales en la gestión y las políticas públicas. Avances y desafíos para un gobierno abierto. Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya, Escola d’Administració Pública de Catalunya. ISBN: 84 695 9397 8 https://eapc.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/publicacions/col_leccio_obres_digitals/15_redes_sociales/od_15_las_redes_sociales.pdf
  • Cucciniello, Maria; Porumbescu, Gregory A.; Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan (2017). “25 years of transparency research: Evidence and future directions”. Public administration review, v. 77, pp. 32–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12685
  • Cushion, Stephen; Lewis, Justin; Callaghan, Robert (2017). “Data journalism, impartiality and statistical claims”. Journalism practice, v. 11, n. 10, pp. 1198-1215. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1256789
  • Díez-Garrido, María (2022). La transparencia de los partidos políticos (2016-2019). Entre la estrategia de comunicación y su apertura efectiva. Madrid: Congreso de los Diputados. ISBN: 978 84 79435608
  • Dinan, William (2021). “Lobbying transparency: The limits of EU monitory democracy”. Politics and governance, v. 9, n. 1, pp. 237-247. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v9i1.3936
  • Eberwein, Tobias; Fengler, Susanne; Karmasin, Matthias (2019). “Theory and practice of media accountability in Europe: An introductory overview”. In: Media accountability in the era of post truth politics. London: Routledge, pp. 3-17. ISBN: 978 1 351115780
  • Etzioni, Amitai (2016). Is transparency the best disinfectant?. February 12. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2731880
  • Etzioni, Amitai (2018). “The limits of transparency”. In: Alloa, Emmanuel; Thomä, Dieter (eds.). Transparency, society and subjectivity. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77161-8_9
  • Feenstra, Ramón A. (2016). “El potencial transformador de la democracia monitorizada a debate: contextualización teórica y diálogo con John Keane”. Teknokultura. Revista de cultura digital y movimientos sociales, v. 13, n. 2, pp. 639-654. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_TEKN.2016.v13.n2.52437
  • Flyverbom, Mikkel (2015). “Sunlight in cyberspace? On transparency as a form of ordering”. European journal of social theory, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 168-184. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431014555258
  • Fung, Archon (2013). “Infotopia: Unleashing the democratic power of transparency”. Politics & society, v. 41, n. 2, pp. 183-212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329213483107
  • Gillespie, Tarleton (2018). Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN: 030017313X
  • Gorwa, Robert; Garton-Ash, Timothy (2020). “Democratic transparency in the platform society”. In: Persily, Nathaniel; Tucker, Joshua A. (eds.). Social media and democracy: The state of the field, prospects for reform. SSRC Anxieties of democracy, pp. 286-312. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 108890960 https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108890960
  • Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan G.; Feeney, Mary K. (2017). “Developing and testing an integrative framework for open government adoption in local governments”. Public administration review, v. 77, n. 4, pp. 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12689
  • Grimmelikhuijsen, Stephan G.; Porumbescu, Gregory; Hong, Boram; Im, Tobin (2013). “The effect of transparency on trust in government: A cross-national comparative experiment”. Public administration review, v. 73, n. 4, pp. 575-586. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12047
  • Han, Byung-Chul (2015). The transparency society. Vancouver: Stanford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 804794602
  • Han, Byung-Chul (2022). Infocracy: Digitization and the crisis of democracy. Cambridge: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978 1 509552993
  • Heemsbergen, Luke J. (2016). “From radical transparency to radical disclosure: Reconfiguring(in) voluntary transparency through the management of visibilities”. International journal of communication, v. 10, n. 5, pp. 138-151. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/4413
  • Hood, Christopher; Heald, David (eds.) (2006). Transparency: The key to better governance? Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 197263839
  • Jurado, Francisco (2020). “Journalistic transparency using CRFs to identify the reporter of newspaper articles in Spanish”. Applied soft computing, v. 95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106496
  • Karlsson, Michael; Clerwall, Christer (2018). “Transparency to the rescue?”. Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 13, pp. 1923-1933. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2018.1492882
  • Keane, John (2009). The life and death of democracy. London: Simon and Schuster. ISBN: 978 0 743231923
  • King, Gary; Persily, Nathaniel (2019). “A new model for industry-academic partnerships”. Political science & politics, v. 53, n. 4, pp. 703-709. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096519001021
  • Lathrop, Daniel; Ruma, Laurel (2010). Open government: Collaboration, transparency, and participation in practice. Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN: 978 0 596804350
  • Lemke, Thomas (2015). “New materialisms: Foucault and the ‘government of things’ theory”. Culture & society, v. 32, n. 4, pp. 3-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276413519340
  • Matheus, Ricardo; Janssen, Marijn (2020). “A systematic literature study to unravel transparency enabled by open government data: The window theory”. Public performance and management review, v. 43, n. 3, pp. 503-534. https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2019.1691025
  • Meijer, Albert J. (2009). “Understanding modern transparency”. International review of administrative sciences, v. 75, n. 2, pp. 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852309104175
  • Meijer, Albert J. (2012). “Introduction to the special issue on government transparency”. International review of administrative sciences, v. 78, n. 1, pp. 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852311435639
  • Meijer, Albert J. (2015). “Government transparency in historical perspective: From the ancient regime to open data in The Netherlands”. International journal of public administration, v. 38, n. 3, pp. 189-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2014.934837
  • Nam, Taewoo (2012). “Citizens’ attitudes toward open government and government 2.0”. International review of administrative sciences, v. 78, n. 2, pp. 346-368. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852312438783
  • Owen, Taylor (2015). Disruptive power: The crisis of the state in the digital age. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199363865.001.0001
  • Palau-Sampio, Dolors; López-García, Guillermo (2022). “Communication and crisis in the public space: Dissolution and uncertainty”. Profesional de la información, v. 31, n. 3, e310316. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.may.16.
  • Ramírez-Alujas, Álvaro (2010). “Innovación en la gestión pública y open government (gobierno abierto): Una vieja nueva idea”. Revista buen gobierno, n. 9, pp. 94-133. https://ssrn.com/abstract=1820326
  • Renedo-Farpón, Cristina (2019). “La implantación del periodismo ‘open source’ como un nuevo modelo de comunicación en Internet”, Dígitos, n. 5, pp. 10-32. https://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/7138
  • Rieder, Bernhard (2020). “Towards platform observability”. Internet policy review, v. 9, n. 4. https://doi.org/10.14763/2020.4.1535
  • Roberts, Alasdair (2006). Blacked out: Government secrecy in the information age. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521858700
  • Rogers, Simon (2014). “Data journalism is the new punk”. British journalism review, v. 25, n. 2, pp. 31-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956474814538181
  • Ruijer, Erna; Détienne, Françoise; Baker, Michael; Groff, Jonathan; Meijer, Albert J. (2020). “The politics of open government data: Understanding organizational responses to pressure for more transparency”. The American review of public administration, v. 50, n. 3, pp. 260-274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074019888065
  • Sampedro-Blanco, Víctor (2014). El cuarto poder en red. Por un periodismo (de código) libre. Barcelona: Icaria. ISBN: 978 84 988 8 590 3
  • Saurwein, Florian; Spencer-Smith, Charlotte (2020). “Combating disinformation on social media: Multilevel governance and distributed accountability in Europe”. Digital journalism, v. 8, n. 6, pp. 820-841. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2020.1765401
  • Shudson, Michael (2015). The rise of the right to know: Politics and the culture of transparency, 1945–1975. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN: 978 0 674915787 https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjghtf9
  • Simonofski, Anthony; Zuiderwijk, Anneke; Clarinval, Antoine; Hammedi, Wafa (2022). “Tailoring open government data portals for lay citizens: A gamification theory approach”. International journal of information management, v. 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102511
  • Stohl, Cynthia; Stohl, Michael; Leonardi, Paul M. (2016). “Managing opacity: Information visibility and the paradox of transparency in the digital age”. International journal of communication, v. 10, n. 15, pp. 123-137. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/4466
  • Suzor, Nicolas P.; Myers-West, Sarah; Quodling, Andrew; York, Jillian (2019). “What do we mean when we talk about transparency? Towards meaningful transparency in commercial content moderation”. International journal of communication, v. 13, n. 18, pp. 1526-1543. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/9736
  • Tumber, Howard; Waisbord, Silvio (eds.) (2021). The Routledge companion to media disinformation and populism. Routledge. ISBN: 978 1 003004431 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003004431-1
  • Van-Dijck, José; Poell, Thomas; De-Waal, Martijn (2018). The platform society. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 190889807 https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889760.001.0001
  • Villodre, Julián; Reynaers, Anne-Marie; Criado, J. Ignacio (2021). “Transparencia externa y redes sociales. Los roles diferenciales de ministerios y organismos públicos estatales en Twitter”. Revista de estudios políticos, n. 192, pp. 191-220. https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rep.192.07
  • Vu, Hong-Tien; Saldaña, Magdalena (2021). “Chillin’ effects of fake news: Changes in practices related to accountability and transparency in American newsrooms under the influence of misinformation and accusations against the news media”. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 98, n. 3, pp. 769-789. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699020984781
  • Watson, Hugh J.; Nations, Conner (2019). “Addressing the growing need for algorithmic transparency”. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, v. 45, pp. 488-510. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.04526
  • Wirtz, Bernd W.; Birkmeyer, Steven (2015). “Open government: Origin, development, and conceptual perspectives”. International journal of public administration, v. 38, n. 5, pp. 381-396. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2014.942735