El rol de la globalización tecnológica en el desarrollo de las prácticas artísticas ligadas a la xerografía

Resum

The decade of the 60s has a special relevance not only at a political, economic and social level, but also two automatic technologies of the image arrived to the market and revolutionized the artistic context in that period: Personal Computer in 1964 and the Portapack video camera in 1967. However, while consumption and mass media began to be key factors, some other artists became attracted to a newly emerging technology, which were found in universities, offices or copy shops; and that supposed a real revolution by its instantaneity both at procedural and outcome level. It was the automatic machine of graphic multi-‐reproduction or photocopier, that come on the market in 1959 with the Xerox 914 model. Globalization in art is imminent and, whenever technology is involved the relationship between the local and the global becomes completely dependent. As technology linked to the market, the photocopier, which began as a Xerox company´s product, established a geographic configuration starting its commercialization in USA in the 60s, arriving in Europe in the 70s; and it was since the 1980s, when losing patent rights, that other companies began to extend their products. In addition, due to its high price artists relied on the patronage for personal research, determining the geographical development of artistic practices by the photocopier. In this way, the contexts where this technology was artistically used were codified, being the creations influenced by disciplines and artistic movements with the greatest weight in each country. The objective will be to determine how globalization and technological marketing have influenced the development of diverse artistic practices, not only mediatizing and evolving with their improvement, but also designing their artistic cartography.