Efecto de 18 retirada de óxido de cinc y antibióticos sobre la microbiota al destete

Resumen

Post-weaning diarrhoea is a multi-causal infectious disease affecting piglets in the first two weeks post-weaning, whose main aetiological agent is enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Until now, antibiotic medicated leed and therapeutic concentrations of zinc oxide have been used as prophylaxis and metaphylaxis measures in this period. However, since June 2022, the use of medicated leed with therapeutic concentrations of ZnO has been banned in the European Union, mainly due to the environmental risk associated with its use: contamination of soil with high levels of zinc present in slurry. Previous studies have suggested that the gut microbiota may play an important role in preventing and resisting colonisation by enteric pathogens. Also, one of the suggested effects of ZnO treatment in piglets is its action on the gut microbiota. Understanding what effect ZnO has on the microbiota, in arder to find bacterial species associated with resistance to post-weaning diarrhoea, could serve as an alternative for dealing with weaning without resorting to the use of ZnO-medicated leed. In this study, 3 trials were conducted in which 3 leed treatments were included: Control (no medication), Antibiotic (medicated with 100 mg/kg apramycin) and ZnO (medicated with 3,000 mg/kg Znü). The results showed the effectiveness of the two medications in controlling the growth of E. coli, with ZnO being the most effective. The results suggest that the microbiota of piglets medicated with apramycin or ZnO had a !aster adaptation to weaning than unmedicated piglets, with a more diverse composition of genera that could be associated with a higher resistance to enteric pathogen infection al one week post-weaning.