Psychometric Properties of the PCS and the PCS-4 in Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain

  1. Claudio Bascour-Sandoval 1
  2. Javier Albayay 2
  3. Agustín Martínez-Molina 3
  4. Arlett Opazo-Sepúlveda 4
  5. Claudia Lacoste-Abarzúa 4
  6. Diego Bielefeldt-Astudillo 4
  7. Rubén Gajardo-Burgos 5
  8. Germán Galvéz-García 1
  1. 1 Universidad de La Frontera (Chile)
  2. 2 Università degli Studi di Trento (Italy)
  3. 3 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

  4. 4 Universidad Autónoma de Chile (Chile)
  5. 5 Universidad Austral de Chile (Chile)
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Journal:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915,  1886-144X

Year of publication: 2022

Volume: 34

Issue: 2

Pages: 323-331

Type: Article

DOI: 10.7334/PSICOTHEMA2021.21 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

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Abstract

Background: The factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) has rarely been adequately analyzed (e.g., performing principal component analyses rather than factorial approximations). We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PCS through a variety of exploratory and confirmatory factorial approaches. Method: Three hundred ninety-four Chilean patients with musculoskeletal pain were included (age, M = 49.61, SD = 18.00; 71.57% women). Eight factorial models were proposed to analyze the structure of the data. In addition, validity evidence of the PCS based on relationships with other variables were analyzed considering pain intensity and kinesiophobia. Results: The results suggest a unidimensional structure. Models with more than one dimension exhibited undesirable factor loadings or inadequate indices of fit. Based on these results, a short version of the scale composed of 4 items is proposed (PCS-4). The PCS-4 scores demonstrated high levels of invariance between sex, chronicity, and education groups and also were associated with pain and kinesiophobia. Conclusions: The results of the PCS-4 Spanish version showed evidence of reliability and validity for adequately measuring pain catastrophizing in Chileans who suffer from musculoskeletal pain. The PCS-4 is a short form that should be explored in future studies (e.g., in other Spanish-speaking populations).

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