El anglicismo terminológico. Consecuencias léxicas del uso de textos escritos en inglés en las clases de medicina en español

Resumo

This PhD dissertation deals with the analysis of the linguistic characteristics of terminological anglicisms in relation to the use of written texts in English as a means of preparation for oral and written communication in Spanish. This is a parameter that has not yet been evaluated in the specialised communicative context of Colombian university higher education. Our main hypothesis is that the use of written texts in English in university medical classes results in written and oral texts in Spanish which are influenced by English at a lexical level, in particular regarding prototypical terminological units (nominal lexical units). The other hypotheses are that the English influence is more frequent in oral texts than in written ones, and that the English-influenced terms are displacing native Spanish terms. In order to verify the established hypotheses, a corpus of specialised written and oral texts used in undergraduate medical courses at the University of Antioquia was constituted, from which the terms of analysis were extracted. The results obtained allow us to conclude the following: a) the use of viii written texts in English in university medical classes in Colombia is directly related to the use of terminological Anglicisms in Spanish; b) the communicative channel affects the use of terminological Anglicisms in Spanish, which are more likely to appear in a written text than in an oral one; and c) Anglicisms that have native variants displace the use of the latter.