La base genética de los trastornos depresivos

  1. Gutiérrez, Judith 1
  2. García García, Pedro 2
  1. 1 Universidad de León
    info

    Universidad de León

    León, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02tzt0b78

  2. 2 Universidad de León. Departamento de Biología Molecular
Revue:
AmbioCiencias: revista de divulgación

ISSN: 1988-3021

Année de publication: 2023

Número: 21

Pages: 27-38

Type: Article

DOI: 10.18002/AMBIOC.I21.8180 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: AmbioCiencias: revista de divulgación

Objectifs de Développement Durable

Résumé

La depresión es un trastorno mental grave que afecta a unos 300 millones de personas en todo el mundo. Se considera una de las principales causas de discapacidad y tiene una alta tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad. En el presente trabajo fin de grado se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura enfocada en los aspectos genéticos relativos a esta enfermedad. La fisiopatología de la depresión aún no se conoce con exactitud, aunque se han relacionado diferentes genes como SLC6A4, BDNF, MAOA o FKBP5. En las últimas décadas se ha avanzado considerablemente en el estudio de la genética de la depresión gracias a los análisis de asociación del genoma completo (Genome-Wide Association Study, GWAS). Estos trabajos han permitido identificar más de 150 polimorfismos de un único nucleótido (SNP) asociados a la depresión. Debido a la gran heterogeneidad de resultados se puede concluir que esta enfermedad tiene un carácter multigénico y que está influenciada tanto genética como ambientalmente.

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