Influencia de la fecha de siembra, genotipo y densidad de planta en el crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad del Lathyrus sativus L. en condiciones de secano mediterráneo

Abstract

The Lathyrus sativus L. is a grain legume with great adaptability to different environmental conditions. It was defined as objectives of this research to evaluate the effects of three sowing dates, four genotypes and two densities of sowing on the crop phenology, morphological tables, growth, grain yield and its components as well as the parameters of seed quality. The experimental design was based on the model "split-split-plot� with three replications, during the growing seasons 2006/07 and 2007/08. For the phenology, morphological and agronomic indices, grain yield, yield components and various parameters of seed quality, the results varied with the environmental conditions of each yearly crop. The genotype 1 proved to be the earliest and develop a shorter cultural cycle, while genotype 4 showed a late beginning of flowering and a cultural cycle longer. The genotypes of Mediterranean origin have the highest rates of leaf area with longer duration of their active period. Grass pea presented higher production of total biomass when they were sown earlier and with 60 plants m-2 . The most interesting results of grain yield were obtained on earlier sowing dates, when using genotypes 3 and 4,and sowing 60 plants per m2,reaching 3284 kg ha-1 of grain yield. Analysis by global "path coefficient analysis" shows that the component that influences the yield is the weight of 100 seeds. The values for crude protein are high. Genotypes 1 and 3 contain higher levels of phenolic compounds. The percentage of ODAP in the seed varies from 0,42% to 0,47%.